Wandel der Landwirtschaft und des Nahrungsmittelsektors in Frankreich. Changes and adaptations of agriculture and agro food sector in France (Anglais)

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Chatellier, Vincent | Jacquerie, Valérie

Edité par HAL CCSD

National audience. Trotz des deutlichen Rückgangs der Zahl landwirtschaftlicher Betriebe und einer zunehmenden Betriebskonzentration spielt der Nahrungsmittelsektor in Frankreich im Hinblick auf die Landnutzung, die Umwelt und die ökonomische Situation ländlicher Gebiete eine bedeutende Rolle. • Die landwirtschaftlichen Betriebe sind immer seltener Familienbetriebe. Die Entwicklung von Gesellschaftsunternehmen mit mehreren Teilhabern ermöglicht den Landwirten eine Verbesserung der Arbeitsbedingungen, eine Erleichterung für die kommende Generation und eine Verteilung der Risiken. • Die nahrungsmittelproduzierenden Unternehmen Frankreichs erleben aktuell eine Neustrukturierung. Sie verfolgt das Ziel, die Produktionskosten zu senken und eine kritische Größe der Betriebe zu erreichen, um die Präsenz auf den internationalen Märkten zu fördern, auf denen die deutsche Konkurrenz immer größer wird. • Grundsätzlich verfolgen Frankreich und Deutschland im Hinblick auf die Zukunft der Gemeinsamen Agrarpolitik (GAP) der EU ein gemeinsames Ziel. Beide Länder befürworten auch in Zukunft Regulierungsinstrumente, um der Instabilität der Märkte zu begegnen und zunehmend auch Umweltfragen ins Zentrum zu rücken. Zugleich fordern beide Staaten Wachsamkeit in Bezug auf die europäischen Agrarausgaben. . This article proposes a reflection on the changes and adaptations of French agriculture. It emphasizes four key points: i) despite a significant decrease in the number of farms and a growing concentration of firms, agri-food sector plays an important role in terms of land use, environment and economic vitality of rural areas ; ii) the farms based on a family model are becoming fewer and fewer numerous: the development of agricultural societies allows farmers to benefit from better working conditions ; they facilitate the setting up of young people ; they permit to share the financial risks , iii) companies in the agro food sector try to reduce their production costs and to achieve a scale which is compatible with their competitiveness on international markets (where the German competition is increasingly intense) ; iv) beyond a few hotspots, France and Germany have a common ambition for the future of the CAP.

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