Contribution to taking into account iron losses in the modeling of electrical machines by finite elements method.. CONTRIBUTION A LA PRISE EN COMPTE DES PERTES FER DANS LA MODELISATION DES MACHINES ELECTRIQUES PAR ELEMENTS FINIS

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Fratila, Mircea

Edité par HAL CCSD

Taking into account the iron losses in electromechanical machines is a crucial step during the design process. The aim of this study was to validate the implementation of an iron loss model and at the same time perform an accurate modelling of the electrical system. Our choice was to use models at the post-processing stage of a finite element code. Thus, four analytical models were compared for, sinusoidal and non-sinusoidal supply, (without minor cycles) in terms of accuracy, in order to choose the most suitable to be implanted in code_Carmel. We have shown that the inclusion of minor loops can be improved by replacing the classical Steinmetz term by a hysteresis model or by a suitable analytical model. The implementation and the accuracy of the analytical model were evaluated first on simple systems, and also on several rotating machines. Comparison of the simulated results with measurements showed good agreement and demonstrated the ability of the model to estimate the iron losses with good accuracy for a wide range of electrical machines and for different supply (sinusoidal and PWM). . La prise en compte des pertes fer dans les machines électriques est une étape cruciale lors du processus de conception. L'objectif de ce travail a donc été de valider l'implémentation d'un modèle de pertes fer tout en effectuant une modélisation précise des machines électriques étudiées. Le choix s'est porté sur l'utilisation de modèles de calcul des pertes en post-traitement d'un code par éléments finis. Ainsi, différents modèles analytiques ont été comparés en régime sinusoïdal et non sinusoïdal (sans cycles mineurs) en termes de précision, afin de choisir le plus adapté pour une implantation dans code_Carmel. Par ailleurs, nous avons montré que la prise en compte des cycles mineurs peut être améliorée en remplaçant le terme classique de Steinmetz par un modèle d'hystérésis ou par un modèle analytique adapté. L'implémentation et la précision du modèle analytique ont été évaluées d'abord sur des systèmes simples puis sur plusieurs machines tournantes. La comparaison des résultats simulés avec les mesures issues des essais à vide montre une bonne concordance et démontre la capacité du modèle à estimer les pertes fer avec une bonne précision pour une large gamme de machines électriques et pour les deux types d'alimentations utilisés (sinusoïdale et MLI).

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